ࡱ> BDA%`  ,bjbjٕ 4. <Y\$h!-Q@;AAAAAA`h  p2r4)0Y<,!X!hh!|D1rA\7 Y$   Formula, Total & Net Ionic Equations To be able to properly write formula, total and net ionic equations, you must know: elements and charges, polyatomic ions and charges, weak and strong acids/bases, solubility rules and be able to balance equations. FORMULA UNIT EQUATION Step 1: If no products are given, then determine the products. It is a displacement reaction. Step 2: Balance the equation. Given: acetic acid + sodium hydroxide ( 1) HC2H3O2 (aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) ( Ba(C2H3O2)2 (aq) + H2O(l) 2) 2HC2H3O2 (aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) ( Ba(C2H3O2)2 (aq) + 2H2O(l) TOTAL IONIC EQUATION As the name states, this equation shows ions (charges) for everything that is soluble or ionizes/dissociates 100%. Step 3: Look at each compound in the formula unit and ask yourself: Is it soluble? Strong acid? Strong Base? - If yes to any of the three questions, assign charges to each element in the compound - If no, then leave the compound as it is 3) 2 HC2H3O2 (aq) + Ba2+(aq) + 2 OH- (aq) ( Ba2+(aq) + 2 C2H3O2- (aq) + 2H2O(l) Spectator ions do not change their charge (remember ions are charged particles, not compounds). Whatever the charge was on the reactant side it will be the same charge on the product side of the equation. Spectators are present in the solution, but do not participate in the reaction. That is why they have no change in charge. Think of it like a sports fan: if you are a spectator, you are involved in the overall event because you are physically present and viewing the sport, but you do not participate in the action of the sport. NET IONIC EQUATION Step 4: Look at each ion (not compound) in the Total Ionic Equation. Cancel out the identical spectator ions that are on both the reactant and product side. Step 5: What remains (doesnt cancel) constitutes the Net Ionic Equation. You will always have something that doesnt cancel. If everything cancels, go back and check your work, something is wrong. **** Net ionic equations for ALL reactions of strong acids with strong soluble bases that form soluble salts and water is: H+ + OH- ( H2O (l) In other words, if you cant find anything else, your net ionic equation will be: H+ + OH- ( H2O (l)  4) 2 HC2H3O2 (aq) + Ba2+(aq) + 2 OH- (aq) ( Ba2+(aq) + 2 C2H3O2- (aq) + 2H2O(l) 5) 2 HC2H3O2 (aq) + 2 OH- (aq) ( 2 C2H3O2- (aq) + 2H2O(l) HC2H3O2 (aq) + OH- (aq) ( Pb+2 + C2H3O2- (aq) + H2O(l) Remember Common Strong Acids and Strong Bases Acids: HCl, HBr, HI, HClO4, HNO3, H2SO4 Bases: LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 Some Common Gas-Forming Reactions H2SO3 ( SO32"(aq) + 2H+(aq) ( SO2(g) + H2O(l) H2CO3 ( CO32"(aq) + 2H+(aq) ( CO2(g) + H2O(l) S2"(aq) + 2H+(aq) ( H2S(g) NH4OH (aq) ( NH4+(aq) + OH"(aq) ( NH3%'    W t u v } ¸Ⱬ▎xhhH* jhhhhhH* hhhxT jhxThxT hrCJ hrhrhxTh5\ hxThhxThxT>* *hxT>*hxThxT5\ hxThxThxThxTaJhxThxT5CJ\aJ/%'    v w   I K ` a B 0  & FgdxT$@&gdxTgdxT$a$gdxT ,          " # ( ) * , / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 = @ B C D E H K ` a   < B 嶲嫣嶜 hxT5\hxThxT>* *hxT>*hxThxThxT5\hhH* jhhhhH* hhh hxThxTh hhhhH*;                # & ( ) * + . / 0 E K NabhEFLMOPSȾȴȥȚȖȴȎȎȄ jhxThxThxThxTH*hxThxThxT5>*\hxThxT>* *hxT>*hxThxT5\hxThxT6] hxThxTh hhxThhH* jhh hhhhhH*40 6 LNab[!ac 7$8$H$gdxT !gd !gdxT$@&gdxTgdxTST      "%')*+,-./47;<ϸϸȮϸϸhxT jhhhhH*hhH* hhhjhxThU jhxThxThxThxTH* hxThxThxThxTH*C<BCDFHIJKLMNOPUXZ[\]`adfghijklqtwx~ƿЭhC hxTH*hxTOJQJ^JhxTOJQJ^JhxThH* hxTh jhxThhxThhH*hhH* hxThxT jhxThxT hhh=RTdfvx "$(*,.046:LNXZ`bpr𿷿 jh) h)H*hC h)H* hxTh) jhC hC hxTH*hC hC H* jhhhH*h hxThxThC hxTH*Bz|| , !gdxT xx7$8$H$gdxT 7$8$H$gd 7$8$H$gdxT,,, , ,hxTh@ CJaJUhC hC H* jhC hC hxTH*hC hxTH* hxThxTh)(g) + H2O(l) 21h:p1Z/ =!"#$% @@@ NormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH >@> xT Heading 1$@& 5\aJB@B xT Heading 2$@&5CJ\aJDAD Default Paragraph FontRi@R  Table Normal4 l4a (k@(No List8@8 xTHeader  !aJ6>@6 xTTitle$a$ 5\aJ .%'vwIK`aB06LNab[ ! a c = > `  0000000000000000000K0K0K0K 0K 0K0$000$0$0$0+0+0+0+0+0+0+000+00000000000000000%'vwIK`aB06LNa[ ! a = > `  00000 00000000000000K0K0K0K 0K 0K000000000* 00000#<0#<0#<0#<$|ؘ0#;0#060#090#0600  S< , 0  ,  , 8@(  (B @ (B @ B S  ? pt d pt #!##,#ĝ***Ԇ**T*y*9 9 u u    < < x x    9 *urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsplace8*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsCity9 *urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsState x4  $&,.9; !  0 2 > @ Q S m o z |      ! , . 5 7 o q y {   (45AEI4 8 # & m o  3333333333333333WWuu   {X 88^8`hH.^`OJPJQJ^Jo(hH- pp^p`hH. @ @ ^@ `hH. ^`hH. ^`hH. ^`hH. ^`hH. 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